Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary (also known as the Thekkady Wildlife Sanctuary) is one of the finest wildlife sanctuaries in India and perhaps the finest in south India. Located in the scenic surroundings of the Western Ghats hills in the state of Kerala, the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary covers an area of approximately 777 sq km.
The diverse geographical features, such as topography and climate, of Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary support a rich and varied flora and fauna. The terrain of the park is highly undulating and boasts numerous narrow water streams. A 90 km long and high ridge of the Western Ghat forms the northeastern boundary of the Park, separating the states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
The moderate and favorable climatic conditions in and around Periyar National Park support a unique and diverse wildlife. Over 49 species of mammals, 265 species of birds, 36 species of reptiles, 12 species of amphibians, 35 species of fishes and 160 species of butterflies have been identified in Periyar National Park so far. The major wildlife found in Periyar National Park includes Asian Elephants, Tigers, Gaurs, Bonnet Macaque, Leopards, Mouse Deer, Indian Porcupine, Small Indian Civet, Common Palm, Civet, Sambars, Lion-tailed Macaques, Nilgiri Langurs, Wild Boars, Spotted Deer, Barking Deer, Stripe-necked Mongoose, Wild Dogs, Sloth Bears, Malabar Giant Squirrel, Civet, Nilgiri Tahr to name a few.
Periyar National Park also has a sizable population of birds. Over 265 species of birds have been spotted in the park. The list of major species of birds found in the Periyar National Park include the Nilgiri Wood Pigeons, Black-winged Kite, Blue-winged Parakeets, Great Indian Hornbill, White-bellied Tree Pies, Laughing Thrushes, Fly Catchers, Darters, Cormorants, Barbets and Plovers among many others.
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